Impact of the recent financial crisis to Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand Essay

Impact of the recent financial crisis to Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Korea - Essay Example The crisis left devastating impacts on the economies of the four countries (Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and Korea) as discussed below. The 2007/2008 financial crisis left the four countries with huge financial debts borrowed from the developed economies (Lin, 2014). Generally, most south East Asian states including Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Korea had borrowed huge loans before the crisis to rebuild their economy after the Asian crisis that had happened previously. The crisis reappeared in a time when the countries were struggling to repay the loans borrowed for economy reconstruction after the Asian crisis. This placed a heavy burden on respective countries thereby retarding their development progress. These states are still paying the loans acquired before financial crisis set foot in Asia. The financial crisis hiked the cost of living to more than double in the four countries. up to date, the residents in the four countries go through very difficult times because job opportunities are still few and the available jobs are underpaying (Klein & Shabbir, 2007). Furthermore, foreign investors returned back to their countries and the domestic investment has performed poorly since then. Basically, low investments (both domestic and foreign investments) in a country results in inadequate job opportunities and consequently, high poverty levels. The crisis weakened the local currencies of Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Korea which caused these nations a huge fortune in terms of time and resources to reconstruct their economies. Poor performance of the local currencies made exports cheap wealthy nations seized the opportunity to develop their economies (Jensen, 2010). Moreover, depreciation of local currencies negatively affected local investment due to dumping by foreign investors. Additionally, depreciation of local currencies in the respective states during and after the crisis led to less demand of domestic products

Criminal Law U4IP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Criminal Law U4IP - Research Paper Example It usually arises when someone who was committed to supervise or monitor someone else money or property steals the money for personal gain. The stealing of the money is a desecration of a specialty of trust which results in a distinctive crime. Embezzlement usually arises due to several circumstances such as, a bank teller has permitted access to client money hence trusted to handle the money or employees and officers of companies can also misuse the companys funds since they are in charge of running the company (Fjeldstad, 2003).. Nevertheless, this does not imply that it has to be done by employing but any kind of relationship where by trust is given to somebody else to manage your property. The following three elements that are essential for an event to be considered for embezzlement charges. In case any of the three sections are not satisfied, these charges will not apply to these cases. If the person was entrusted with ownership of property that belongs to somebody. Secondly, that the person hid or took the property or someway converted it to his own without the owners permission to do so. Thirdly, they had planned to do these crimes to enduringly take ownership pleasure away from the owner (Francken, 2009). There are a limitless number of ways that someone could oblige to the crime of embezzlement of public funds. Siphoning is a good example of embezzlement crime. This is usually accomplished by people who work in restaurants or stores. They invent a way to getting money using the register without any discrepancies between the records in the computer and a drawer. The item is not entered into the calculator section of the register but they keep a record of how much they pocketed after their shift. Lapping is a crime that is found in parts of the business that takes incoming payments from vendors and customers. Someone working for example church could use bank deposit for many companies and alter the distribution of the

Where Does the Customer Fit in Innovation Strategy Assignment

Where Does the Customer Fit in Innovation Strategy - Assignment Example se a panel data constructed from numerous organizational surveys conducted over a nine-year period to prove the very importance of customer-input as a way of responding to rapid market changes; â€Å"market orientation† is, thus, a critical factor both for the success of a new product released into the market as well as that of the firm in general. Investigating the very same topic but in a different dimension in a study titled â€Å"Integrating Customers in Product Innovation: Lessons from Industrial Development Contractors and In-House Contractors in Rapidly Changing Customer Markets,† Sandmeier, Morrison and Gassmann (2010) concurs with above scholars noting that the modern customer is an active co-designer in the creation of value, injecting their specialized knowledge of needs into the mainstream production away from the traditional, passive recipient. Dell’s ‘IdeaStorm,’ one of the most successful crowd sourcing forums ever invented in history, serves as a perfect example of how the ideas generated by the customers can be efficiently incorporated into the innovation process. Through IdeaStorm alongside organized events, customer panels, partnerships among other avenues, the company gathers product requirements directly from tens of thousands of daily customer-interactions with a complete view of the industry’s landscape (Rohrbeck, Steinhoff, & Perder, 2008). Dell started out as a direct seller from its very inception—beginning with a mail order way before the use of the internet to drive sales. The deletion of the traditional middlemen distribution process allowed the company to generate own corrective market data tailored towards customer needs. In its quest to deliver value to customers, the company has pursued virtual integration, developing effective partnerships with manufacturers [suppliers] that enabled â€Å"just-in-time† delivery with significant cost and product pricing advantages compared to the competitors’ in-house operations. Most

The love for American football Essay Example for Free

The love for American football Essay Someone who is from another country like me, may believe that life in the United States is very diverse from life anywhere else. Countless people from other countries have a completely distorted image of how we may live there in America and the mentalities thatthey all posess. Not all of Americans are spoiled, overweight, or are obsessed with football. All of them are completely different for the most part, and are actually concerned about what is occurring in the world today. However, I do believe I can say that most Americans are proud to be here, and proud to represent the UNITED States, and that pride and love is shared by everyone, kind of like a big family. Just like other countries, there are things that the people tend to be attracted to more than another group of people would. For example, in Mexico, soccer is huge, and almost everyone there is crazy about it, but here in the United States, soccer doesn’t hold near as many fans. Since one doesn’t really know a lot about the life in the United States, and the things all Americans seem to enjoy, I would like to enlighten you to the one thing that I believe is totally ‘American’. And of coarse, I would have to say its football. Now, no all of Americans enjoy the hazardous sport, but about nine out of ten of them absolutely adore it(including myseld). The competition and the thrill that you get from watching breathtaking game, will most likely have you sitting at the edge of your seat, not wanting to miss a minute of whar you are seeing take place on the television screen. The runs, the cheers, the interceptions, the touchdowns, and most of all the victory when it’s all over is what I believe makes football what is it today in the society of Americans. If you were to meet another Amrican, I can almost guarantee that the person has a favorite football team that they support with all of theit hearts.

Global warming affecting fashion industry

Global warming affecting fashion industry Global Warming Affecting Fashion Industry According to an interesting article in Australias The Age, global warming is wreaking havoc on the clothing industry. In many parts of the world, there just isnt as much difference between the seasons anymore and overall the trend is towards warmer weather. The clothing industry relies on delineated seasons to sell different types of apparel. But if you can wear flip flops all year long (and not just in Southern California), clothing sales will drop. Warmer weather also affects the type of fabrics designers use and the styling. It is forcing fashion houses to ditch traditional seasonal collections for transeasonal garments that may lead to a drastic overhaul of fashion show schedules and retail delivery dates. The whole fashion system will have to change, Beppe Modenese, founder of Milan Fashion Week, told The New York Times last week. The fashion system must adapt to the reality that there is no strong difference between summer and winter any more You cant have everyone showing four times a year to present the same thing. People are not prepared to invest in these clothes that, from one season to the other, use the same fabrics at the same weight. Mr Modeneses comments came as New York fashion retailers blamed a prolonged Indian summer for poor autumn sales. Who needs a woollen pea coat when it is 30 degrees-plus? So worried are some fashion houses about the impact climate change is having on the way we dress and shop, they are calling in the climate experts. The Wall Street Journal reported last month that American retail giant Liz Claiborne Inc had enlisted a New York climatologist to speak to 30 of its executives on topics ranging from the types of fabrics they should be using to the timing of retail deliveries and seasonal markdowns. Other US fashion retailer giants, including Target and Kohls, have also started using climate experts to plan their collections and schedule end-of-season sales. And from January, Target will sell swimwear year-round. Closer to home, fashion designers say they are increasingly designing transeasonal collections using lighter- weight fabrics for a more temperate climate and readjusting their in-store delivery dates in line with the unpredictable seasons. Theres really no such thing as defined autumn/winter and spring/summer collections any more, says Margaret Porritt, of Melbourne fashion label Feathers. A lot of my garments are more transeasonal and rather than dropping them into store twice a year like I used to, I tend to move things in and out of store every couple of weeks, depending on the weather. Things were different when she started the business 35 years ago. Back then winter went into store in mid-January and summer in mid-June and that was it. There was nothing in between. I also used a lot more heavier wools and made great big heavy coats. I cant do that anymore; it just doesnt get cold enough, even here in Melbourne. They just dont sell. Its true that we dont buy as much heavy winter clothing as we used to, now that we think about it. And our boot purchases have also tapered off, which is a shame since we adore boots. But unlike Mary-Kate Olsen, we just cant wear sweaters, coats and boots on an 80 degree day. We adore winter clothes: cashmere sweaters, fabulous boots, wonderful hats and a gorgeous coat all make an appearance after the first frost. The thought of living year round in shorts is appalling to us. We may have to consider moving north in the future. Wednesday, February 07, 2007 10:51 posted by BlogMeister Anxiety, Addiction and Depression Treatments American Fashion Industry Issues, Fails to Enforce Health Guidelines New Yorks February fashion week is one of the industrys most lavish, celebrated events. Amid the lights, parties and big names, it would seem to be very easy to forget the issue that has wracked fashion for the past year: the increasing prevalence of eating disorders among models and the young women they influence. Where Spains Association of Fashion Designers passed a ruling to forbid the participation of models with BMIs lower than 18 (the World Health Organization states that 18.5 or below is underweight) and asserted that display clothes be no smaller than size 8 (the average American woman wears size 14), the Council of Fashion Designers of America issued a statement containing general guidelines but no plans for direct enforcement. Among their suggestions: There should be no models under 16 and no work after midnight for models 18 and younger; the consumption of cigarettes and alcohol on location should be forbidden; statements on the early signs of eating disorders should be officially issued to those in the industry; models identified as suffering from eating disorders should be required to receive professional help; the industry should develop workshops designed to address the impact of eating disorders and the negative effects of smoking; organizers should provide healthy snacks backstage during shows. Glaringly absent from this list are any mentions of body mass or plans for enforcing the guidelines proposed within. While designer-sponsored press releases and conferences convey some degree of responsibility on the industrys behalf, they ultimately amount to little beyond empty attempts to satiate the publics desire for some form of regulation. Designers attempt to shift blame to the modeling agencies themselves which, they argue, serve as the mother(s) of the models. The idea that these agencies should control the eating habits of their models while designers continue to showcase remarkably small clothing is difficult to rationalize. In another flaccid attempt to deflect criticism, the organizations executive director claims that A lot of the girls who work the runway are genetically thin. You go backstage and you see a lot of girls eating a lot of food and theyre not gaining weight. Statements like these strain credibility, and many eating disorder advocates are not satisfied wi th the measures taken thus far, believing that PR campaigns and suggested guidelines constitute an insufficient response to a very serious problem. In a society where more than 80% of ten-year old girls describe a fear of getting fat and one in two fourth graders are currently on some kind of diet, those who are even indirectly responsible for shaping the popular conception of beauty and body image need to reassess their own principles. After viewing photos of fashion models, 70% of young women described themselves as angrier and more depressed than they had been before. In surveys, three out of four women listed an ideal size at least 10% underweight. And despite the presence of eating disorders and body image issues across the social spectrum, most insurance companies hesitate to approve treatment for these conditions, essentially making the argument that the issue is not a matter of diagnosable disease but a faulty sense of self-control. Designers, advertisers and models themselves argue that they have no control over the state of their industry and the ideals it projects they simply go along with whatever sells at the time . Who, then, is responsible, if not the producers of the very images that encourage the epidemic? PR campaigns aside, consumers and public health advocates cannot tolerate this continued reassignment of blame. The fashion industry must own up to its pivotal role in the eating disorder debate and strictly enforce regulations designed to promote healthier, more realistic lifestyles. Category: Diet , Aging and Eating Disorders

New Zealands Disability and Aging Policies and Practices

New Zealands Disability and Aging Policies and Practices Task four: Comparing international developments to New Zealand’s policies and practices in relation to disability and aging. 4.1. Policies on disability and aging 4.1.1. International policies on disability Canada Council for Canadians with disability has provide support for disabled and assist them as they find difficulties when living in society or finding the job or any educational. As follow several committee : Transportation committee International development committee Human rights committee Social policy committee The sociopolitical model concerned with human rights in the 1970s as they focus to reduce the barrier of environment, any other negative thought toward people with disability from social community. The Canadian government promote the policies and support independent living for people with disability such as services, transportation and housing and make more flexible for these people. According to the International model of Human Rights , people with disability also have all the normal rights as a citizen and it is existing under the law for the disabled people. Australia In Australia, the two Commonwealth policies and important that related to disability are Disability Services Act 1986 and the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, they all provide the rights for the disability. The Disability Services Act(DSA) 1986: The act based on the handicapped program review that the commonwealth initiated 1983. There are some action of the legislation provide the services for people with disability into the society( Baume Kay 1995): Providing more flexible and more responsive to the needs for disabled people. Assist disabled people gets services and they can work in the community with full participation. Provide service to people with disability that they can achieve the positive outcomes such as become more independent, more opportunity for employment in the community. Considering the outcome achieved of the disabled people as they are taken into account of financial for these services. Innovation in the provision of service for people with disability should be encouraged. The disability discrimination act 1992: the act related to social justice for disabled in Australia. The act is aim to protect the interest of people with disability who has experience of discrimination in public and private service. There are some action of the act: The disabled people has the same rights when they are in the community Within the community principle that people with disability have the same fundamental rights. Providing the law by commonwealth program as the discrimination against the person on the ground of the disability in the education , work, accommodation. New Zealand The New Zealand strategy for people with disability introduced to the New Zealand government to promote a more inclusive society for people with disability as they can get respect in social community. In addition, guideline the government implement about provide support service for people with disability and some others attitude and behaviour from society toward them. The government department and others government agencies need to consider to people with disability before making decision. The strategy and policies Non-disabling society should be encouraged and educate as they need to respect and highly values the lives to disable people. People in society should perceived the rights for people with disability as they can implement their rights fully. Considering education for disable people, as they can develop their skills and educational centre which can help them participate in society. Giving and providing opportunities economic and employment for disable people in accordance with human rights and maintain adequate income. In the case, disable Maori and pacific people should be considered as promote participation. Providing support the lifestyle choice and culture for people with disability. Also support for quality living in the community for disable people as they can feel comfortable while living in that community. Foster leadership by disable people as encourage them to making decision, acknowledge and strengthen of the leadership for them on this issue. Long-term support system centred need to create on individual: making sure the quality assessment and service deliver is centred for disable people . Foster an aware and responsive public service: make sure that government agencies, public service are aware the responsive for people with disability. Comparison Similarities : In all three countries, the policies focus on how to delivery good support toward to the disabled people in any angle such as environment, educational, employment and social community. Differences Canada: Policy concern about system support for the disabled people as encourage them participate in social’s life. Australia : The government involved the aspect and concentrated to the educational discrimination for people with disability. New Zealand: The government à ­ not only focus on the European in New Zealand, they also concern toward to Maori and Pacific people who are living with disability 4.1.2. International policies on aging Canada There are several programmes focus on provide the financial of healthcare for the elderly as well as concentrate to support service policies for the older people. Canada pension plan provide the security –income program such as old age security, guaranteed income supplement(1967) to support for elderly about the financial and low-income for seniors by federal government general revenue. Providing advices and support of ageing under the population health fund and also the national health research and development program. Canada government also create and understand the knowledge to support the elderly on the way effectively. The national framework on aging are providing the policies effective to seniors as well as consulting this issue for older people in Canada. Making sure the manual safety for the elderly as their health or traveling or health insurance plan. Increasing government income security programmes Australia The Australia government created the policies to support older people who are living in retirement become more active and financially secure. The older people can continue to work if they wish in the communities Provide the program such as lifelong learning and active ageing so the older people in Australia can be more active and can increase number of wellbeing in the elderly. Also good health can reduce the isolation and maintain the independence on the older people. New Zealand . The New Zealand positive aging strategy provides a framework for understanding and improving policies for older people. The positive aging takes account of health, financial security, personal safety and environment living for older people in New Zealand. Health: Promote and support the development of the health centre community for older people. Considering the multi-disciplinary availability need assessment throughout new Zealand. Income: the policies has introduced to ensure that the elderly gets adequate income and appropriate standard of living. Following legislation that the security of publicly should be increased provide retirement income into the future. Housing: providing support from government as the elderly gets appropriate housing option. In addition, organize the survey option to enable low-income families to purchase home. Transport: public transport should be reviewed as they are friendly in terms of route, timetables and safe for all ages. Ensuring that lack of transport is not the barrier for health services. Ageing in place: developing the policy and the range of service that can support ageing in place. implement and promote service programmes of safety awareness for older people. Culture diversity: number of quality services for maori and pacific people should be increased and improved. Also , older people from ethnic community should be identified the issue in specific and develop those option according to the cultural. Rural: developing and providing policies and support service delivery for older people who is living in the rural community. Attitudes: all the people has the different positive attitudes to the older people as making sure that government agency and publicity campaign portray positive images for the elderly. Developing intergenerational progammes in school and communities. Employment : support employment of older people worker according to the government policies sector. Promote the mentoring programmes of the skills and experiences for older people. Opportunities: improving the opportunity and increasing the educational and retraining for adult people Comparison Similarities: Supporting policies are providing properly toward to the older people in all three countries as they can live in the community with good health and comfortable with retirement. Differences : Canada and Australia: They all two countries are still focus on the financial support for older people. Also, these two countries has increased the number of the elderly and giving solutions how to deal with it and protect a good life for them. New Zealand: In the case, New Zealand separate in different type on these policies which is very clearly to support for older people. 4.2.1. International delivery policies on disability Canada According to accessible transportation in Canada , the program were establish to provide the transport system and safety environment to help people with disability as they can found it easier when they are traveling. Health Canada Community living Support funding for disable people in the labour market also help for employment as they are having disability. Australia Disability services Australia 1986 provided the quality of services delivered to disabled people as the quality for health care for the disability . In addition, the younger people with disability in residential aged care was set by the Australia government for five year which helping reduce the number of younger people having disability and support those people as they are living in the residential aged care. The disability standard provide achieving equal access for people with disability. Home and community care provide support the care and increasing the independent for people with disability in the residential care. New Zealand In the community, health care services from practice nurse may be related to primary health care centre. According to the Public Health and Disability act, the Primary Heath Organization were founded and that provide the health education and also others services of health were delivered. Public Health service also support service disabled people under the New Zealand Health and Disability Act 2000. Comparison Similarities : All three countries are focus on providing the support for disable people with higher quality and progammes in different terms such as health care provide. Differences: Canada : These policy concentrate on planning safety for people with disability on the angle as transportation or employment, also meet on development educational for them to get more experiences and skills that can help them living in society. Australia : Organizing the services and delivery carer in effectively to the younger with disability on the both side financially and mentally illness help these people more confident with their ability while they are living in the residential community. New Zealand : Provide on the basic need on health care under the New Zealand Health and Disability Act 2000 for the people with disability. 4.2.2. International delivery policies on aging Canada Proving the financial support for older people when they retire at the age of 60 The policies providing the services and also development the program liaising with different levels for the senior in the community. Focusing on long-term system support care for the elderly as the social support or any other physically or mentally support for them. Australia Australia government concern to provide services and community of care effectively for older people according to their religious, culture and charities. Under the aged care assessment program, the government budget to support the elderly and contribute funds to support these program. Caring the elderly also get the support services from the government. Delivering the support needs in individual for elderly under the National continence management. New Zealand There are several support service organizations were founded to develop and help the elderly with higher quality and effectively to them. Age concern Diabetes new Zealand National health foundation Career force Public health association As these organizations can provide a good qualification to help the older people in the retirement and get benefit in term of the needs that the elderly want. Comparison Similarities: These countries are delivering the good quality and effectively support for the older people as well as they consider to develop to make sure the elderly can live in their community comfortable and happy. Differences Canada: Government in Canada may need to provide the higher support of finance and services to care the elderly. Australia: The health care system in Australia is quite effectively toward the older people. New Zealand : Under each organization, they are giving the best support and access for the elderly as older people can live in the best way in the retirement home or facility. Referencing Government of Saskatchewan Retrieved from: http://www.socialservices.gov.sk.ca/office-disability Disability policy in Canada Retrieved from: http://video.med.ubc.ca/videos/osot/faculty/lj/Disability_Policy_in_Canada.pdf Office for disability issue Retrieved from: http://www.odi.govt.nz/resources/publications/new-zealand-disability-strategy.html Ministry of social development Retrieved from: http://www.msd.govt.nz/what-we-can-do/seniorcitizens/positive-ageing/goals/index.html Disability policies and program in Australia Retrieved from: http://www.academia.edu/1079853/Disability_Policies_and_Programs_in_Australia Government of south Australia Retrieved from: http://www.sa.gov.au/upload/entity/1856/dac-documents/policy-guideline/ Parliament of Canada Retrieved from: http://www.parl.gc.ca/content/lop/researchpublications/cei-07-e.htm Women with disability in Australia Retrieved from: http://wwda.org.au/govtdis/govtdisoverview/ Australia government- department of health Retrieved from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/ageing-aged-care

Malawi and Tobacco Essay -- Trade Tobacco Malawi Essays

Malawi and Tobacco What strategies can Malawi use to overcome problems relating to a change in demand of its main export, tobacco. QUESTION- what strategies can Malawi use to overcome problems relating to a change in demand of its main export, tobacco? Malawi, a LEDC, located in Southern Africa, has a population of 10 million. Tobacco is its main export and this provides the majority of the countries export revenues. It has become dependant on exporting tobacco to firms based in MEDC's such as the United States. Demand for cigarettes has recently decreased because of health and ethical reasons. Cigarettes, has reached the end on its product lifecycle. However South East Asia remains a growing market, because of the effects of globalisation and dumping. The decrease in demand is a major problem for Malawi, a country that is not market orientated or market aware. Decline in demand for cigarettes will obviously have a direct effect on demand for tobacco because they are complimentary products. With decreased demand for its crops of tobacco, Malawi will find itself in a very dangerous situation that will not only threaten its economic position but the very lives of its population. Another concern that Malawi must take into account is the state of the tobacco industry. At present the market could be described as an oligopoly (see appendix) where suppliers compete on price. The outcome of this is that the firms involved have a high market share and therefore have much power to control supply and demand. They have the power to control prices of tobacco and they can exploit countries like Malawi. The national economy is dictated by exports of tobacco. The decreased revenue, due to loss of demand, will an... ...E UK (BRANDS): Two firms, Gallaher and Imperial Tobacco, who between them, control around 80% of the market, dominate the cigarette and tobacco market in the United Kingdom. One other major firm, British American Tobacco (BAT), manufactures cigarettes in the UK but sells almost all of them abroad. In 1999 BAT merged with Rothmans International thereby increasing its share of the world tobacco market to 15.4%, just behind the world leader Philip Morris which controls 17% of the global market. BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.ash.org.uk http://www.tobacco.org http://www.mcspotlight.org http://www.cdc.gov http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Country_Specific/Malawi.html http://allafrica.com www.google.co.uk www.bbc.co.uk www.altavista.com www.theguardian.co.uk Nuffield Business and economics- Students Book