Suicide Soliloquy in Hamlet Essay - 1210 Words

William Shakespeare is a famous English playwright. His play Hamlet centers around Hamlets decision on how to seek revenge for his father’s death. However, Hamlet is unsure of what course of action he wants to take to exact his revenge. He discusses the idea of suicide as a possible option in his â€Å"To be or not to be† soliloquy. In this soliloquy, Shakespeare uses metaphors, rhetorical questions, and repetition to express Hamlet’s indecision regarding what he should do. Shakespeare uses metaphors to express Hamlet’s view of life, death, and the afterlife. Hamlet first introduces the idea of suicide as a way to end the sufferings of life: â€Å"and by a sleep to say we end/ The heartache and the thousand natural shocks/ That flesh is heir to†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Shakespeare also incorporates religious undertones in this soliloquy because of the metaphor of the afterlife and the dreams that may come. Hamlet eventually comes to a decision to not take his life because he is afraid of the unknown: â€Å"Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,/ And thus the native hue of resolution/ Is sicklied o’er with the pale cast of thought,/ And enterprises of great pitch and moment/ With this regard their currents turn awry/ And lose the name of action† (III. i. 91-96). With his decision, Shakespeare is expressing the conscience as the logical part of Hamlet that is afraid because he does not know what would come with death. The metaphor in lines ninety-two and ninety-three is referring to the instinctual action of suicide overpowered by fears. Shakespeare is saying that even though sleep may bring Hamlet peace, he is too afraid of the dreams that may come to go through with the thought of taking his own life. The metaphors that Shakespeare uses creates a euphonious, artistic representation of Hamlet’s indecision toward the course of action he should take. In this soliloquy, Hamlet asks many rhetorical questions. He begins the soliloquy with a question: â€Å"To be or not to be-- that is the question† (III. i. 64). In these few words, Shakespeare has introduced a very powerful motif: suicide.Show MoreRelatedHamlet, By William Shakespeare996 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet, written by William Shakespeare, with out a doubt holds the most famous soliloquy in English history spoken by Hamlet in Act III, scene i, lines 57-90. This soliloquy holds much importance to the play as a whole because it ties together the reoccurring themes of suicide and Hamlet’s inaction portrayed by Shakespeare. Hamlet poses a problem, which is the driving force of the play: â€Å"To be or not to be?†(III.i.57). Shakespeare uses this logical question asked by Hamlet to drive out his underlyingRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare929 Words   |  4 PagesHamlets Soliloquys Drama literature is told through a story of dialogue about a character who experiences conflict through out the play. These kind of plays are often performed on the stage of a theatre. One of the most famous screenwriters of the 16th through the early 17th century was William Shakespeare, and his work continues to live on in the 21st century. The longest play Shakespeare had ever written was Hamlet, which is about a young prince who grieves over the death of his father and seeksRead MoreAnalysis Of Hamlets By William Shakespeare930 Words   |  4 PagesHamlets Soliloquys Dramatic literature is told through a story of dialogue about a character who experiences conflict throughout the play. These kind of plays is often performed on the stage of a theatre. One of the most famous screenwriters of the 16th through the early 17th century was William Shakespeare, and his work continues to live on in the 21st century. The longest play Shakespeare had ever written was Hamlet, which is about a young prince who grieves over the death of his father and seeksRead MoreHamlet Soliloquy Essay784 Words   |  4 Pages25th, 2017 In the play Hamlet written by William Shakespeare, Hamlet performs many soliloquies. His most famous and well known soliloquy would be â€Å"to be or not to be†. In this soliloquy he contemplates his death, he wants to end all of his pain and suffering. Hamlet has many different thoughts and feelings throughout this soliloquy. His personality is extremely indecisive which makes him unable to make up his mind. The main theme portrayed in this soliloquy is suicide and Hamlet’s continuous contemplationRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 924 Words   |  4 Pageswritten was Hamlet, which is about a young prince who grieves over the death of his father and seeks revenge as he learns that it was King Claudius responsible for his father’s death. Throughout the play Hamlet expresses his thoughts through different soliloquys. Hamlets soliloquy in Act I, â€Å"O that this too, too sullied flesh†, contrasts from his famous soliloquy in Act III, â€Å"To Be or N ot to Be†, and both reflect issues of the times in which Shakespeare had lived in. In Hamlet’s first soliloquy, â€Å"O thatRead MoreAnalysis Of Hamlets Character Development Throughout His Soliloquies1370 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet’s Character Development Throughout his Soliloquies Soliloquies are common in Shakespeare’s plays as it allows characters in the play to speak directly to the audience and address their true thoughts and feelings. In Hamlet written by William Shakespeare, Hamlet has several soliloquies that help to form a deeper, more developed character. These soliloquies give the reader the opportunity to understand how Hamlet is struggling with his father’s death and his mother’s new marriage. They alsoRead MoreSoliloquy of Hamlet768 Words   |  4 PagesJustin Minh English Nov. 21st 2010 Soliloquy Analysis â€Å"To be, or not to be†(III. 1. 57) is one of the most famous lines in William Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. In the soliloquy of Act III scene one, Hamlet juggles around the idea of life or death. Hamlets soliloquy lays out his conception on whether he shall continue to live miserably or commit suicide. The soliloquy also reveals one of Hamlet’s fears. Hamlet’s monologue creates strong visualizations of his options â€Å"To beRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1712 Words   |  7 PagesIn this play â€Å"Hamlet† written by William Shakespeare, there are many soliloquies that are said by Hamlet to depict various meanings of his thoughts, feelings, and actions that are inside of him. More specifically the soliloquy in Act 3, Scene 1, in lines 57-91 starts off with the famous saying known as â€Å"To be, or not to be†. Throughout this soliloquy, Hamlet is asking himself the question of whether it is better to live or n ot to live. In life, we are faced with many situations where we feel theRead MoreInvestigating the Function of the Main Soliloquies in Shakespeares Hamlet1614 Words   |  7 PagesInvestigating the Function of the Main Soliloquies in Shakespeares Hamlet â€Å"Hamlet† is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare in around 1601 when Queen Elizabeth the first was on the throne. In the play we see the royal court of Denmark becoming more and more corrupt with ghosts, murder, madness and incest, culminating in the highest death toll in any of Shakespeare’s plays. The lead character of Hamlet is an intellectual whose aim in the play is to avenge his father’sRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1208 Words   |  5 PagesHamlet is considered to be Shakespeare’s greatest work, and the soliloquy to be or not to be is equally as famous. Hamlet is one of the greatest dramatic characters of all time and the role of Hamlet is one that many actors strive to play. Shakespeare wrote the character Hamlet in a very specific manner and it is because of this that few have found success in performing this role. Moreover the soliloquy to be or not to be has been one that has defined the level of success of an actors role of Hamlet

As my freshman year of college comes to a close, I reflect...

As my freshman year of college comes to a close, I reflect on my two English courses this year. I have learned a lot these last two semester in my english 101 and 102 classes. English 101 focused a lot on different types of papers, while English 102 focused mainly on taking what we learned from a reading and analysing and interpreting of stories and poems we read. Looking back at my high school English days, I believe I had made major improvements in my writing abilities between these two semesters. Personally, I favorited my English 101 class. The main component of this course was to branch out and further our writing abilities. We did this by doing many different types of papers. Theses papers ranged from short essays to long†¦show more content†¦I enjoyed reading some of the stories out of our books. A Raisin in the Sun and â€Å"The Bridegroom† were two of my favorite. These stories had great emotion and purpose behind them. Where I struggle, is relating the concepts found in these stories to everyday life. I struggled with both of these papers, even though I liked the stories. Though this may be true, with each paper I wrote I improved. I was very grateful to be able to do revisions on our papers. This was a great way for me to see the mistakes I made and which areas I need to focus on. This helped me not to make the same mistake on my other papers, and helped me grow as a writer. I enjoined the poetry section of this course immensely. I really enjoyed taking a close look at various poems and analyzing them to find their true meaning. My favorite poem is â€Å"Fire and Ice† by Robert Frost. This has been my favorite poem for many years, yet I never took a step back to truly analyze it. Originally I was drawn to this poem because of Frost’s sarcastic tone and the intriguing idea of the end of the world. This class allowed me to take a closer look at the poem and analyze all aspects of the poem, both literal and symbolic. At the beginning of the semester we took at look at Frost’s poem â€Å"Mending Wall†. I had a very hard time understanding the meaning of this poem the first time I read through it. I do not have much experience with poetry, however going over the poems

Australian Tax Office Has Issued Various †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Explain on Australian Tax Office Has Issued Various? Answer: Introduction The Australian tax office has issued various rulings and drafts determining the tax consequences for using Bit coins. These guidelines are useful because it provides an in-depth analysis of digital currency and consider the tax consequences of using Bit coins. The ATO is of the opinion that Bit coin is not a foreign currency or money. The ATO considers Bit coin as a property. Bit coin is a digital currency and is protected by cryptography. The operation and effectiveness of the bit coins depends on the network of users online. It is regarded as soft cash and by virtue of programming strength; it can be used for dealing anonymously (Emery 2016). It is seen that increasing business in Australia and other countries of the world are using Bit coins as a legitimate mode of transactions. Therefore, it is important for the taxation authorities to determine appropriate rulings and transactions for dealing with transactions using Bit coins. Bit coin as a CGT assets The Australian Tax Office in the Taxation Determination 2014/26 states that for the purpose of subsection 108-5(1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Bit coin is considered as a capital gain tax asset. The section 108-5(1) defines CGT assets as the property of any kind or right of any kind that is not property (Hassan 2016). The definition of the property is considered by the Australian tax office as held in the High Court decision of Yanner v. Eaton. In this case, it was accepted by the high Court the property does not refers to a thing but a legal relationship with a thing. In the Para 7 of the ruling it is stated that there are not a single test but multiple test for identifying whether set of legal relationship should be regarded as a property. The following factors are considered by ATO in determining whether Bit coins are property: The controlling right over Bit coins in the Bit coin wallets. In a number of communities, bit coins are treated as valuable and transferable property. The Bit coins are exclusive in nature because private keys that are in possession of the person protect the wallets. The above discussion shows that Bit coins are decentralized in nature. Therefore, Australian Tax Office is of the opinion that bit coins should be regarded as property as it fulfill the definition of property given under statue. This decision of the Australian tax office have the capital gain tax consequences that is explained later in the report (Dysart 2014). Bit Coin as a foreign currency The Australian tax office has considered whether Bit coin should be regarded as foreign currency under the Tax Determination 2014/25. The ruling held that for the purpose of Division 775 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 the bit coins should not be regarded as foreign currency. The ATO initially considered whether Bit coin should be considered as money as per general law. The money is referred to as a store of value and unit of account. It can be seen that the bit coin satisfies the meaning of money (Wicht 2017). However, the Commissioner did not find it sufficient that the bit coins should be treated as money. The main reason provided by the commissioner is that it is mainly or accepted by particular communities and the use is not wide spread. In addition to this, the Bit coins are mainly used for making payments or discharging debts. The ATO considered the meaning of foreign currency with regard to Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. The section 995-1 of the Income Tax Act 1997 states that a currency that is not an Australian currency is known as foreign currency. In the Currency Act 1965, the currency is considered as the only legal form of monetary transaction in Australia. The statue requires that the law of other country should recognize the foreign currency so that it can be considered, as legal tender (Litwack 2015). Therefore, it can be said that as no foreign nation recognizes bit coin as foreign countries so the commissioner held that it should not be considered as a foreign currency for the purpose of Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. Bit Coin as a money The ATO has published rulings under the Income Tax Assessment Act and the ruling under Goods and services tax (GSTR 2014/D3) for determining whether Bit coin should be regarded as money in the New Tax System (Goods and services Tax) Act 1999. It is an important consideration because the supply of money is exempted from the meaning of supply for consideration on which the goods and services Tax is payable (Hampton 2015). In section 195-1 of the Goods and Services Tax Act, the term money includes: Currency of Australia and other countries; The bill of exchange and promissory notes; The negotiable instrument that is circulated as currency; Money Orders and postal notes; Payments made by the debit card, credit card or through transfer of debt. The analysis shows that Bit coin has not satisfied any of the above requirements and does not fall under any of the meaning provided in the above paragraphs. Therefore, it was held that Bit coin cannot be considered as money and the supply of bit coins cannot be regarded as financial supply for the purpose of goods and services Tax Act. Tax Implications CGT The ruling discussed above shows that under Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 the Bit coins are regarded as property. The Bit coins are considered as capital gain tax assets so transaction in bit coins will give rise to CGT event. It is significant because it has been seen that historically the price of Bit coins have fluctuated widely. Therefore, on disposal of Bit coins if it is sold at a price above the price at which it was purchased the gain will be regarded as capital gain for the purpose of tax (Tu and Meredith 2014). Then in that case capital gain Tax is payable on disposal of Bit coins. On analysis, it can be seen that the above view of the commission will not affect the individual users of he Bit coins. The bit coins that are used for purchasing services and goods for personal use is exempted from the capital gain tax under the personal exemption provided under the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. It should be noted that the exemption is applicable unless the value exceeds the threshold limit of $10000. GST The determination of GST consequences for the transaction in bit coins are more complicated. As per the rulings, the supply of bit coins is a taxable supply and is subject to goods and services tax. The GST act provides exemption for supply of money from the meaning of the taxable supply. The discussion above shows that the Bit coins are not considered as money hence the supply of Bit coins will be treated as a barter transaction (Lambert 2015). Therefore, it will be regarded as a taxable supply under the Goods and services Tax. The ruling is not clear about the operation of Good and Services Tax and the availability of input tax credit on transactions made using bit coins. The actual impact of imposing goods and services tax on the supply of Bit coins is often taken as to be nil. In the opinion of Australian Tax Office, it does not expect to experience significant increase in revenue due to imposition of good and services tax on transactions using bit coins. However the administrati ve complexity associated with monitoring business transactions conducted using Bit coins are high. The increased complexity of monitoring the transaction has increased the cost of administration. Therefore, it can be said that the benefit of imposing GST on the transaction using bit coins is much less, than the associated costs (Neslund 2014). The law provides that individual purchasing good and supplies using bit coins will not be subject to good and services tax. It should be noted that the persons or company that are registered under GST is required to pay GST on the supply. That means if an individual purchase a computer from a retailer using Bit coins then this will not be subject to good and services tax. On the other hand, if a GST registered business or an individual purchases computer from the same retailer using bit coins then it will be regarded as a taxable supply and subject to good and services tax. This increases the complexity and confusion among the taxpayer about t he impetrations (Descteaux 2014). FBT and Trading stock The Australian tax office has stated that if an employer supplies bit coins to employee is then it will be regarded as fringe benefit. In this case, the fringe benefit tax will be applicable (Chodorow 2016). The Australian tax office states that if an individual or business holds bit coin for the purpose of resale then the bit coins should be considered as " trading stocks" as per section 70-10(1) of the income tax assessment act 1997. Conclusion Based on the above discussion it can be said that the popularity of bit coins is increasing in Australia and hence the tax complexity is also rising. The conclusion that can be drawn from the above discussion is that bit coins are property for the purpose of capital gain tax. The supply of bit coins are taxable supply as per good and services tax. In addition to this if an employer provides employees bit coins then it is a taxable fringe benefit. Reference Chodorow, A., 2016. Bitcoin and the Definition of Foreign Currency. Descteaux, D., 2014. How should Bitcoin be regulated.Economic Note, Montreal Economic Insitute. Dysart, J., 2014. Tips: Decrypting crypto-currency.Plumbing Connection, (Summer 2014), p.96. Emery, J., 2016. Decoding the Regulatory Enigma: How Australian Regulators Should Respond to the Tax Challenges Presented by Bitcoin. Hampton, S., 2015. Undermining Bitcoin.Wash. JL Tech. Arts,11, p.331. Hassan, M., 2016. Global Tax news.TAXtalk,2016(57), pp.14-17. Lambert, E.E., 2015. The Internal Revenue Service and Bitcoin: A Taxing Relationship.Va. Tax Rev.,35, p.88. Litwack, S., 2015. Bitcoin: Currency or Fool's Gold: A Comparative Analysis of the Legal Classification of Bitcoin.Temp. Int'l Comp. LJ,29, p.309. Neslund, N., 2014. A Bit About Bitcoin.Sinteza 2014-Impact of the Internet on Business Activities in Serbia and Worldwide, pp.1-7. Swartz, N.D., 2014. Bursting the Bitcoin bubble: The case to regulate digital currency as a security or commodity.Tul. J. Tech. Intell. Prop.,17, p.319. Tu, K.V. and Meredith, M.W., 2014. Rethinking virtual currency regulation in the Bitcoin age. Wicht, M.S., 2017. The tax implications of Bitcoin in South Africa.

Tourism Contribution to Poverty Reduction

This paper discusses the key issues on how tourism can contribute to the poverty reduction and how the initiatives on poverty reduction can be measured as well as how the indicators can be identified. Conceptual issues have also been discussed to determine current and future challenges facing tourism as a tool in reducing poverty.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tourism Contribution to Poverty Reduction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the past, the impact of tourism has been identified based on the growth of Gross National Product and creation of employment. Many analysts have perceived tourism development as positive when there are many tourists arriving in the country, the length of stay for tourist is long, increased occupancy of tourists in hotels and when the expenditure related to tourist is high. However, these measures do not provide ways to establish the impact tourism has on poverty reduction. Most information about tourism focuses on a general development of a country and less developed areas through tourism but ignore how the industry can be used to reduce poverty. Tourism development as a measure of development in economy in a country has been referred using general terms focusing much on growth and modernisation in economy. Economic analysts have always assumed that whenever there is growth in tourism the result is the poor benefiting. While it is true that tourism generates employment for the lower and middle class economic and social classes, it is evident that much benefit of tourism goes to the expatriate companies both locally and internationally as well as local elites. The poor people employed in the industry earn low payments. In addition, if the planning and management in the industry is poor, ecological system depletes uncontrollably, the cost of living goes up for the surrounding community and their cultural traditions are damaged. The officers entrusted with to urism management have failed to demonstrate how tourism can affect poverty alleviations. Much attention has been given to macro economic impacts and the potential tourism industry has to cause economic growth to both the poor and marginalised people as well as the surrounding communities. They have failed to define measures and show demonstrations on specifics regarding how tourism can reduce poverty for the individuals in the community.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Regarding community development, the focus is shifting from impact of tourism on overall growth of economy in the society to specific impact on reducing poverty for individuals. Managers in the tourism industry are currently experiencing growing trend in realising that poverty reduction does not always follow economic growth and that poverty can only be reduced through concerted effort and pro poor policies that are specific in improving the living standards of the poor in developing countries. Identification of programs at various levels has been made possible by organisations such as World Health Organisations to reduce poverty through tourism. Such people have been defined as those earning less than $1 per day. When individuals are poor, they are not able to acquire enough basic requirements and the general development as an individual is low. Mostly, they are excluded socially and do not have proper access to basic education, healthcare and social amenities accessible to people who are not poor in the society. Poor people experience relative deprivation and are usually not consulted during decision-making, which make them marginalised. Poor people are usually unskilled and are therefore not competent in the prevailing markets. They are not able to spend and save as they lack capital to expand their small businesses. Whenever the market conditions change, the poor are highly venerab le. Such people leave below the average standards compared with the rest people in the society who are not poor. It is paramount to focus broadly on how tourism can reduce poverty because that would give more emphasis on the nature of poverty, which is multi-faceted. Pro poor tourism (PPT) Policy makers use this term to show distinction between general economic development and development that uplift the living standards of poor individuals in the society. The term is also used to mean interventions, which specifically address poverty alleviation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tourism Contribution to Poverty Reduction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such measures should go beyond expectations that the poor would receive benefits through the â€Å"trickledown† effect. More focus should apply to uplift the standards of the poor individuals in the community. PPT is not a program on its own but a method fo cusing on reducing poverty through tourism policies. Pro-poor tourism Tourism can only reduce poverty by improving the economy through creation of jobs whether temporally or permanent. This can be through establishment of businesses where the local people can sell their goods and services. Pro poor tourism should also provide access to water, infrastructure such as roads for the poor to transport their produce to the market and access their farms as well as improved education and healthcare system. PPT should create capacity and avenues to include the poor in decision-making processes, which would uplift their livelihood and expose them to tourists and enterprises related to tourism. Direct benefits to poor people should be identified without expecting that when the industries and agencies around benefit the local individuals would also benefit indirectly. For instance, when analysing if the local community is accessible to the market, poor individuals should be indentified who have gained benefit and by what extent. Management of tourism should therefore rely on concrete figures and not just on analysts who have specialised on economic development. This would help to give detailed reports on how the industry can reduce poverty for the local people around the tourist destination. When it is not possible to determine the positive impact of tourism using concrete figures, other quantifiable means should be used. Such means help the financing agencies when allocating funds to boost tourism industry as evidence that there are direct benefits of the industry to the local people. Alongside assessing the benefits of tourism, tourism managers must also identify and make comprehensive reports on how tourism affects negatively on the society. For example, initiative to expand a tourism destination or agency may result in a loss of grazing pastures and access to water as well as beaches that the locals may have been using for fishing. These negative consequences of touri sm should also be considered and reported to the relevant agencies for effective accountability.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Targeting the poor through tourism The major challenge in using tourism as a tool to reduce poverty is to accrue its benefits to the poor. Managers usually make targeting errors such as poor delivery of tourism benefits to the poor and accruing tourism benefit to the rich in the society. Any target is considered efficient if it is able equally to share the total benefits reaching the targeted group. There are three methods used to determine benefits of tourism industry in reducing poverty. For example, administrative targeting determines eligibility of a specific benefit to a particular individual through data collection and interview method regarding his or her economic status if the individual is interested in participating in the tourism initiatives directed to poverty reduction. However, this type of targeting consumes a lot of time and increases the cost of the project because a lot of paper work and data collection are involved. Therefore, it can discourage participation by th e applicants. The other type of targeting is called self-targeting, which ensures that tourism benefits are structured in a way that only the neediest would access initiatives to participate. Whenever there are sponsorship programs in the community, the sponsors ensure that the return wages are low to ensure that only the poor people will be interested in them as their income is usually lower than the wages they offer, which encourages selective participation. Geographical targeting concentrates on efforts that would uplift development in poor localities assuming that when such areas are developed the poor habitants are likely to benefit. The smaller the areas targeted through the method, the higher the efficiency and accuracy of the method are. Reduction of poverty through tourism can employ all the three methods. For instance, employees working in a hotel industry can benefit from a self or administrative program. However, geographical targeting is the most applicable mechanism to general development efforts directed towards poverty reduction because it focuses on localities with high tourism potential and high levels of poverty. Causes of poverty Knowing the causes of poverty for the locals is important before using tourism as a tool for solving their economic and social needs. There are several primary causes of poverty such as low income, lack of adequate assets for clothing, shelter and food as well as poor access to basic education and healthcare. When assets are not enough, the affected people lack good health facilities and are poorly equipped with skills required in the prevailing markets. They live in poor housing and the physical network connecting them to available markets as well as their homes are poorly maintained. Their borrowing power from the banks is low and cannot therefore expand their businesses or improve their social networks. Another primary cause of poverty is when individuals perceive they are powerless and cannot be heard when they interact with other people in the social institutions. This is caused by sociological conditions that are not fair such as mistreatment, violence and poor protection against violence, the poor being intimidated and poor predictability in their interactions with officials in public institutions. Being vulnerable to shocks and difficulty in coping with them are also primary causes of poverty leading to susceptibility to many health risks and hazards. Whenever the poor fall victims they are not able to recover speedily emotionally, economically and physically. In addition to the causes that are immediate, global causes exist related to national and regional economic development, poor income distribution and unstable governance. People believe that general economic growth always benefits the poor individuals but this is not always true. It is therefore wrong to assume that when the larger society receives impact economically the poor benefit as well. Poverty reduction requires implemen ting measures locally, nationally and globally. Locally, manifestations of poverty are poor healthcare, low levels of literacy, unstable income, few formal employments, individuals being unable to choose desired lifestyles, poor housing because of poor land tenure and poor basic infrastructure. Through tourism, poverty can be reduced, as there would be employment opportunities, which would result in better living standards. This employment can either be in formal or informal sectors. Positive economic impacts of tourism Tourism initiatives generate SME business opportunities, thus creating employment and increased income through better market of goods and services. Tourism also generates direct formal employment through businesses for the poor to benefit. Other forms of benefits reach the members in the community when they charge fees for those who use specific routes that are within the area for tourist destination. When organisations donate in charity works the community benefits from the investments. Positive impacts of tourism, which are not economic Tourism enhances capacity building, quality education and acquisition of skills. Creation of healthcare through tourism results in improved health services, nursing education and high sense of well-being. The poor benefit from the positive impacts of tourism on environment such as accessibility to grazing pastures. Tourism builds stronger socio-cultural status as the community is recognised, which creates pride and boosts their self-confidence. Such improvement can be quantified in concrete terms for purposes of reporting. Livelihood is diversified at homes and this reduces vulnerability for individual members. Negative economic impacts of tourism Tourism demands increased investment to reduce pressure on the existing facilities as well as services. The local people suffer from the high cost of living as the tourism related businesses are not selective and target on the tourists. Negative non-economic impacts of tourism Tourism transforms culture into a commodity to generate monetary gains and impacts negatively on the ways of life and traditions of the local people. The indigenous locals in the area developed for tourist destination are displaced and cases of crime increase. Tourism also leads to uncontrolled population increase in the locality around tourist destination. Tourist related activities might also degrade the natural resources when manmade activities are introduced to make the tourist destination more attractive. Recommendations through policy process The poor individuals should be engaged in the processes of planning to empower them and the locality surrounding the tourist destination. There should be more involvement of the poor in planning regarding tourism and poverty reduction. Private sectors should also collaborate with the community to build a common market where the prices for the commodities are harmonised. Barriers for tourism as a tool for poverty reduction There are inadequate government programs to enable informal sectors in the tourism industry provide services and exploit their potential in poverty reduction in urban areas. In the Asian context, the potential of tourism agencies is not well recognised and therefore working with these agencies to alleviate poverty becomes difficult. Such agencies help in addressing issues about women trafficking, gender, poor infrastructure and improvement on healthcare. The poor individuals do not have access to credit facilities, which would enhance their participation in tourist’s economic activities. There is little organisational capacity for the government and non-governmental agencies required adequately to respond to development opportunities in the industry. There is also poor access to tourism assets by the poor individuals in the society. It has been difficult to create innovative services and programs because some of the regulations in place are outdated and there is a red tape before policies are implemented. Once these challenges are overcome through involving all the stakeholders and development policies, tourism will be an effective tool for reducing poverty at individual level. This essay on Tourism Contribution to Poverty Reduction was written and submitted by user Alexa Mathis to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.